A nurse is checking a school-age child for pediculosis capitis (head lice). Which of the following findings is a definitive indication of this condition?
Itching and scratching of the head
Patchy areas of hair loss
Firmly attached white particles on the hair
Thick, yellow-crusted lesions on a red base
The Correct Answer is C
A. Itching and scratching of the head. While itching is a common symptom, it is not a definitive sign of head lice. Other conditions (e.g., dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, or dry scalp) can also cause itching.
B. Patchy areas of hair loss. Hair loss is not a characteristic sign of head lice. It may indicate alopecia areata or tinea capitis (scalp ringworm) instead.
C. Firmly attached white particles on the hair. The presence of nits (lice eggs) that are firmly attached to the hair shaft near the scalp is a definitive sign of pediculosis capitis. Nits do not flake off like dandruff and are difficult to remove.
D. Thick, yellow-crusted lesions on a red base. This describes impetigo, a bacterial skin infection, not head lice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Stress incontinence. Stress incontinence occurs when intra-abdominal pressure (e.g., sneezing, coughing, laughing) causes urine leakage due to weak pelvic floor muscles or urethral sphincter dysfunction.
B. Reflex incontinence. Reflex incontinence is involuntary urination without warning due to neurological dysfunction (e.g., spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis), which is not the case here.
C. Urge incontinence. Urge incontinence is a sudden, intense need to urinate, often caused by overactive bladder syndrome or neurological disorders. It is not associated with sneezing.
D. Overflow incontinence. Overflow incontinence occurs when the bladder fails to empty completely, leading to dribbling of urine due to urinary retention (e.g., BPH, diabetic neuropathy).
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Move body parts rapidly through the movements. Passive range of motion (ROM) should be performed slowly and gently to prevent injury or pain.
B. Support extremities above and below joints. Supporting both above and below the joint helps prevent excessive strain and allows for controlled movement.
C. Continue moving body parts if muscle spasticity occurs. If muscle spasticity occurs, the nurse should stop and reassess before continuing, to avoid injuring the client.
D. Stretch the body part just beyond the existing range of motion. The nurse should never push beyond the client’s normal range, as this can cause pain or injury.
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