A nurse is caring for a neonate born vaginally at 0130 to a 32-year-old gravida 3, para 3, abortion 0 (G3P3A0) mother. The neonate was born at 39 weeks gestation.
Exhibits:
The nurse evaluates the data presented. Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
The Correct Answer is []
Rationale for correct condition: Hypoglycemia in neonates can present with jitteriness, low body temperature, and poor feeding. Normal blood glucose levels for neonates range from 40-60 mg/dL. The Ballard maturity rating of 37 weeks indicates that the neonate may have an immature glucose metabolism. Early recognition and treatment are crucial to prevent complications.
Rationale for correct actions:
- Giving dextrose solution orally quickly increases blood glucose levels. This provides an immediate source of glucose to the neonate.
- Performing a heel stick for blood glucose testing allows for accurate monitoring of glucose levels. Continuous assessment ensures timely intervention.
Rationale for correct parameters:
- Blood glucose levels: Monitoring ensures that the neonate maintains normal glucose levels (40-60 mg/dL). This helps prevent hypoglycemia-related complications.
- Temperature: Neonates with hypoglycemia often have low body temperature. Monitoring temperature aids in detecting and addressing hypothermia.
Rationale for incorrect conditions:
- Altered respiratory function: The neonate has normal respiratory rate and heart rate.
- Thermoregulation: Although temperature is low, the jitteriness is more indicative of hypoglycemia.
- Sepsis: No signs of infection such as fever or elevated white blood cell count are present.
Rationale for incorrect actions:
- Provide manual breaths with a bag-valve mask: Not necessary as the neonate's respiratory rate is normal.
- Administer intravenous antibiotics: No signs of infection or sepsis.
- Place the neonate under a radiant warmer: This addresses temperature but not blood glucose levels.
Rationale for incorrect parameters:
- Respiratory rate: Normal, does not indicate hypoglycemia.
- Oxygen saturation: No signs of respiratory distress.
- Bilirubin levels: Not relevant to the current symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","D","F","G"]
Explanation
Choice B rationale
Proteinuria indicates preeclampsia, which involves increased glomerular permeability due to endothelial damage. Normal protein in urine is <150 mg/day.
Choice F rationale
Hyperreflexia can be a sign of CNS irritability in preeclampsia, which can lead to seizures if untreated. Normal reflexes are 2+.
Choice G rationale
Assessing lung sounds is critical as pulmonary edema can develop in severe preeclampsia due to increased capillary permeability. Normal breath sounds are clear and equal bilaterally.
Choice D rationale
A vision test helps assess for visual disturbances due to cerebral edema or optic nerve involvement in preeclampsia. Normal visual acuity is 20/20.
Choice A rationale
Hemoglobin assessment could indicate anemia, but it does not specifically address preeclampsia symptoms. Normal hemoglobin is 12-16 g/dL for women.
Choice C rationale
Perineal assessment checks for infection or hematoma but is less likely to explain systemic symptoms like headache and dizziness.
Choice E rationale
Skin turgor assesses hydration status, but dehydration is less likely to explain severe headache, dizziness, and visual disturbances. Normal skin turgor is immediate recoil.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Passive immunity provided by maternal antibodies crossing the placenta and through breast milk protects newborns in the first months of life, offering initial defense against communicable diseases.
Choice B rationale
Antiinfectants effectiveness against microbes does not apply; newborns rely on passive immunity as their adaptive immune system matures, not unresistant antiinfectants.
Choice C rationale
Active immunity develops over several months to years in newborns, as their immune system gradually encounters pathogens and develops specific responses.
Choice D rationale
While neutrophils are part of the innate immune system, they may still be immature and insufficient in preventing infections in neonates without maternal antibody support.
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