A nurse is caring for a child with moderate dehydration.
What is the appropriate fluid deficit calculation for a child who weighs 12 kg?
Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.03.
Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.06.
Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.1.
Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.04.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.03.
Rationale: This calculation significantly underestimates the fluid deficit for a child with moderate dehydration.
Dehydration often requires more significant fluid replacement.
Choice B rationale:
Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.06.
Rationale: This calculation overestimates the fluid deficit for a child with moderate dehydration.
Using this formula would result in excessive fluid replacement, which can be harmful.
Choice C rationale:
Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.1.
Rationale: This calculation overestimates the fluid deficit for a child with moderate dehydration.
Using this formula would result in excessive fluid replacement, which can be harmful.
Choice D rationale:
Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.04.
Rationale: This is The correct answer.
The appropriate fluid deficit calculation for a child who weighs 12 kg with moderate dehydration is to multiply their body weight by 0.04.
For this child, it would be 12 kg x 0.04 = 480 mL.
This formula is a commonly used guideline to estimate fluid deficit in cases of dehydration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Thirst and dry mouth are common signs of dehydration in adults, but in pediatric patients, especially infants, the signs are different.
Children may not be able to communicate their thirst effectively, and dry mouth might not be as noticeable as other signs.
Choice B rationale:
Rapid heart rate and low blood pressure are symptoms of shock, which can occur in severe dehydration.
However, these symptoms are not specific to dehydration and can be present in other conditions.
Sunken eyes and fontanelle in infants are more specific indicators of dehydration in pediatric patients.
Sunken eyes occur due to loss of tissue turgor, and a sunken fontanelle (the soft spot on an infant's head) is a late sign of dehydration.
Choice D rationale:
Lethargy and irritability can be signs of dehydration, but they are nonspecific and can occur in various pediatric conditions.
Sunken eyes and fontanelle, on the other hand, are more specific to dehydration, especially in infants.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The client's statement, "This IV fluid will provide me with hydration and calories," is correct.
D10W contains 10% dextrose and is used to provide both hydration and calories to the patient.
Choice B rationale:
D10W would not help lower blood sugar levels.
In fact, it would increase blood sugar levels due to the high concentration of dextrose.
Choice C rationale:
D10W does not provide essential electrolytes, so the statement is incorrect.
It's primarily used for calorie supplementation and hydration.
Choice D rationale:
D10W would not help increase blood pressure.
While it can provide hydration, it does not contain medications or components specifically intended to increase blood pressure.
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