A nurse has developed a six-month program to address the increased incidence of hospital-acquired infections among clients in a long-term care facility.
The program includes three mandatory classes on proper handwashing techniques and increases the availability of hand cleansers in the facility.
Which measure provides the best indication of the program’s effectiveness?
Survey employees to determine how often hand cleansers are used during client care.
Compare the incidence of infections before and after the program’s implementation.
Observe a random sample of employees washing their hands three weeks after the program starts.
Use an experimental design to compare program participants with a control group.
The Correct Answer is B
Answer and explanation
The correct answer is Choice B.
Choice A rationale
While surveying employees to determine how often hand cleansers are used during client care can provide some insight into the adherence to the program, it does not directly measure the effectiveness of the program in reducing hospital-acquired infections.
Choice B rationale
Comparing the incidence of infections before and after the program’s implementation is the most direct and reliable measure of the program’s effectiveness. A significant reduction in the
rate of hospital-acquired infections after the implementation of the program would indicate that the program is effective.
Choice C rationale
Observing a random sample of employees washing their hands three weeks after the program starts can provide information about the employees’ compliance with the handwashing techniques taught in the program. However, this measure does not directly indicate whether the program has been effective in reducing the incidence of hospital-acquired infections.
Choice D rationale
Using an experimental design to compare program participants with a control group could provide valuable data on the program’s effectiveness. However, this method might not be feasible or ethical in a healthcare setting, as it would involve deliberately withholding the program from the control group.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Answer and explanation
The correct answer is Choice D.
Choice A rationale
Reviewing the child's medical records for a list of allergies or sensitivities is always a good practice during a routine check-up³?³?³?³?. However, in this case, the brownish thickening on the neck of the child may not necessarily be related to allergies or sensitivities. This symptom could be indicative of various conditions, which would require further medical evaluation.
Choice B rationale
Inspecting the child's torso and arms for other signs of physical injury is an important step if there is suspicion of physical abuse³?[^40^]?¹?². However, the symptom described by the nurse does not necessarily suggest physical trauma. Therefore, while a physical examination is part of a routine check-up, it may not directly address the child's reported symptom.
Choice C rationale
Permethrin is a medication used to treat scabies and lice¹³¹?. There is no indication in the scenario provided that the child has these conditions. Therefore, advising the parents to start treatment with permethrin would not be appropriate based on the information given.
Choice D rationale
Given the observation of a brownish thickening on the neck of the child, it would be appropriate to recommend the parents to seek further medical evaluation for the child²?²?²?. This symptom could be indicative of various conditions, which would require further investigation.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Answer and explanation
The correct answer is Choice D.
Choice A rationale
While having 80% of students participate in a voluntary sex education seminar is a positive outcome, it does not directly indicate the success of a pregnancy prevention program.
Participation in a seminar does not necessarily translate into behavior change. Students may attend the seminar but not apply the knowledge or skills learned, which would not result in a decrease in teenage pregnancies.
Choice B rationale
A reported average delay of 2 years for the first sexual encounter among students can be seen as a positive outcome, as it may reduce the risk of teenage pregnancies. However, this delay does not guarantee that students are using effective contraception when they do start having sex. Therefore, while this outcome may contribute to the success of a pregnancy prevention program, it is not the strongest evidence of success.
Choice C rationale
Parental support for a pregnancy prevention program in schools is important for the program’s implementation and sustainability. However, parental support does not directly result in a decrease in teenage pregnancies. Parents can be supportive of the program, but if the students do not apply the knowledge or skills learned, the number of teenage pregnancies may not decrease.
Choice D rationale
A decrease in the number of teenage pregnancies in the school district is the strongest evidence of the program’s success. This outcome directly aligns with the goal of a pregnancy prevention program, which is to reduce the number of teenage pregnancies. If the school district reports a decrease in the number of teenage pregnancies, it indicates that the program is effectively helping students to prevent pregnancies.
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