A home health nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What is the nurse's action to help ensure successful outcomes of decrease sense of isolation?

Encourage the patient and family to manage the patient's activity level and activities of daily living effectively.

Encourage the patient to express feelings of isolation and loneliness, with the assurance that these feelings are not unique or abnormal.

Encourage the patient and family to be active partners in the management of immunodeficiency.

Make sure that the patient and family know how to adjust dosages of the medications used in treatment.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Encourage the patient and family to manage the patient's activity level and activities of daily living effectively: While managing activity levels and daily living tasks is important for overall health and well-being, this action alone may not directly address feelings of isolation experienced by the patient. Encouraging social support and addressing emotional needs are also vital aspects of care for someone with HIV.

B. Encourage the patient to express feelings of isolation and loneliness, with the assurance that these feelings are not unique or abnormal: Patients with HIV often experience feelings of isolation and loneliness due to stigma, fear of rejection, or loss of social support. Encouraging the patient to openly express these feelings can help them feel validated and understood. Assuring them that such feelings are common among individuals with HIV can help reduce their sense of isolation and promote emotional well-being.

C. Encourage the patient and family to be active partners in the management of immunodeficiency: While involving the patient and family in the management of HIV is essential, this action primarily focuses on medical management rather than addressing the psychosocial aspect of isolation. Collaborative care is important, but addressing emotional needs should also be prioritized.

D. Make sure that the patient and family know how to adjust dosages of the medications used in treatment: While medication adherence is crucial in managing HIV, ensuring proper dosage adjustments is primarily a clinical aspect of care. While important, this action alone may not directly address the patient's feelings of isolation.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Pedal edema: Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, can cause peripheral edema as a side effect due to its vasodilatory effects on arterioles. This can manifest as swelling, particularly in the feet and ankles.

B. Muscle cramps: Muscle cramps are a known side effect of amlodipine. While the mechanism is not fully understood, calcium channel blockers like amlodipine can disrupt calcium ion flux in muscle cells, potentially leading to muscle cramping.

C. Dizziness: Dizziness is a common side effect of amlodipine, particularly during the initial period of treatment or when dosage adjustments are made. It is believed to be related to its vasodilatory effects and subsequent lowering of blood pressure.

D. Sexual dysfunction: Sexual dysfunction, including erectile dysfunction, has been reported as a side effect of amlodipine in some patients. The exact mechanism is not well understood but may be related to alterations in blood flow or neurohormonal effects.

E. Bradycardia: Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not a typical side effect of amlodipine. Amlodipine primarily acts as a vasodilator and does not typically affect heart rate. In fact, it may cause reflex tachycardia (increased heart rate) in some individuals as a compensatory response to its vasodilatory effects.

A. Muscle cramps B. Bounding pulses C. Vision changes D. Increased energy

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Muscle cramps: While muscle cramps can occur with hypertension, they are not specific indicators of target organ damage. Muscle cramps are more commonly associated with electrolyte imbalances or peripheral vascular disease.

B. Bounding pulses: Bounding pulses can indicate increased stroke volume and cardiac output, which may occur in response to chronic hypertension. However, they are not direct indicators of target organ damage.

C. Vision changes: Vision changes, such as blurred vision or vision loss, can be indicative of hypertensive retinopathy, a complication of chronic hypertension affecting the blood vessels in the retina. These changes may manifest as decreased visual acuity, floaters, or even sudden vision loss and are considered signs of target organ damage.

D. Increased energy: Increased energy is not typically associated with target organ damage in the context of chronic hypertension. It may be a result of various factors unrelated to hypertension, such as improved sleep quality or changes in lifestyle habits.

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A home health nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What is the nurse's action to help ensure successful outcomes of decrease sense of isolation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a patient who was recently switched to amlodipine. Which assessment finding indicates that the patient is experiencing side effects of the drug? Select All That Apply

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

The nurse is assessing a patient with chronic hypertension whose blood pressure has been 160/90 for the last three clinic visits. What new symptom indicates that the patient may be experiencing target organ damage?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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The nurse has given nutritional instructions to a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) who has recurrent diarrhea. Which statement by the patient requires further instructions?

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