A client with suspected congestive heart failure undergoes a chest X-ray. The nurse should anticipate which finding that may be indicative of CHF?

Narrowed mediastinum

Hyperinflated lungs

Cardiomegaly

Normal cardiac silhouette

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) This choice is incorrect because a narrowed mediastinum is not a characteristic finding in congestive heart failure. The mediastinum is the central region of the chest, and its width is not specifically related to CHF.

B) This choice is incorrect because hyperinflated lungs are a characteristic finding in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), not congestive heart failure.

C) This choice is correct. Cardiomegaly, an enlarged heart, is a common finding in congestive heart failure. The heart may appear enlarged on a chest X-ray due to fluid accumulation and strain on the heart muscle.

D) This choice is incorrect because a normal cardiac silhouette on a chest X-ray would not be indicative of congestive heart failure. The presence of cardiomegaly is more suggestive of heart failure.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because hypernatremia (high sodium levels) is not a common adverse effect of loop diuretics. Loop diuretics primarily impact sodium and water excretion.

B) This choice is incorrect because hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) is not typically associated with loop diuretics. In fact, loop diuretics can lead to increased potassium excretion, potentially causing hypokalemia.

C) This choice is incorrect because hypocalcemia (low calcium levels) is not a common adverse effect of loop diuretics. Loop diuretics primarily affect sodium, potassium, and water excretion.

D) This choice is correct. Loop diuretics are potent potassium-wasting diuretics, meaning they increase potassium excretion in the urine, potentially causing hypokalemia. The nurse should closely monitor the client's potassium levels and provide potassium supplementation if necessary.

A. Hypertension B. Diabetes mellitus C. Smoking history D. Family history of heart disease

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) This choice is correct. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a significant risk factor for congestive heart failure (CHF). Prolonged hypertension can lead to the heart's increased workload, causing it to weaken over time and eventually leading to CHF. The client's symptoms of fatigue, difficulty breathing, and nocturia (frequent urination at night) are common manifestations of CHF resulting from uncontrolled hypertension.

B) This choice is incorrect because diabetes mellitus, while a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is not directly associated with the symptoms described by the client. However, diabetes can exacerbate CHF if the client's blood glucose levels are not well-controlled.

C) This choice is incorrect because smoking history is a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, but it is not specifically linked to the symptoms reported by the client in this case.

D) This choice is incorrect because a family history of heart disease may increase the client's risk of developing CHF, but it does not directly contribute to the current symptoms the client is experiencing.

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A client with suspected congestive heart failure undergoes a chest X-ray. The nurse should anticipate which finding that may be indicative of CHF?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure who is prescribed a loop diuretic. The nurse should monitor the client for which potential electrolyte imbalance associated with this medication?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, difficulty breathing, and frequent urination at night. Which risk factor is most likely contributing to the client's symptoms?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client with congestive heart failure who is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The nurse should instruct the client to:

A nurse is reviewing a client's medical history and notes a diagnosis of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The nurse recognizes this as a significant risk factor for congestive heart failure due to its association with:

A nurse is conducting a community health education session on heart health. Which lifestyle factor should the nurse emphasize as a potential modifiable risk factor for congestive heart failure?

A nurse is reviewing the diagnostic tests for a client suspected of having congestive heart failure. Which test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing CHF?

A client with a history of alcohol abuse and malnutrition is admitted with signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure. Which factor is likely a precipitating cause of the client's condition?

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected congestive heart failure. Which symptom is the classic hallmark of left-sided heart failure?

A client with congestive heart failure reports waking up at night with sudden breathlessness and feeling the need to sit upright to breathe comfortably. The nurse should document this symptom as:

A nurse is auscultating a client's heart sounds and hears a third heart sound (S3). Which finding is consistent with the presence of an S3 sound in a client with congestive heart failure?