A client with a history of transfusion reactions requires a blood transfusion. Which blood component should the nurse ensure is transfused to minimize the risk of a future reaction?

Whole blood.

Fresh frozen plasma (FFP).

Packed red blood cells (PRBCs).

Platelets.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Incorrect: Transfusing whole blood increases the risk of adverse reactions and is not commonly used in modern transfusion practices. Whole blood is usually separated into its individual components for transfusion.

B) Incorrect: Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) contains various clotting factors and is used primarily to treat bleeding disorders and coagulopathies, not to prevent transfusion reactions.

C) Correct: Packed red blood cells (PRBCs) contain primarily red blood cells without significant amounts of plasma, white blood cells, or platelets. For clients with a history of transfusion reactions, PRBCs are the most suitable blood component to minimize the risk of future reactions.

D) Incorrect: Platelets are used to treat thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction but do not provide the main benefit of minimizing the risk of future transfusion reactions as PRBCs do.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Incorrect: Administering a bolus of normal saline may help increase intravascular volume, but it is not the first intervention to be implemented. The nurse should first identify the cause of the client's symptoms and take appropriate actions.

B) Correct: The client's symptoms of feeling lightheaded and dizzy, along with a drop in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate, suggest orthostatic hypotension. The nurse's first intervention should be to elevate the client's feet and lower the head to improve blood flow to the brain.

C) Incorrect: Checking the client's hemoglobin and hematocrit levels is essential but may not be the first intervention in this situation. The client's symptoms indicate an immediate need to address the orthostatic hypotension.

D) Incorrect: Notifying the healthcare provider for further evaluation is important, but it may not be the first intervention. The nurse should first take immediate actions to address the client's symptoms of orthostatic hypotension.

Questions

A. Pre-medicate the client with antihistamines before the transfusion. B. Administer the blood transfusion rapidly to minimize exposure. C. Ensure that the blood product is warmed before administration. D. Monitor the client's vital signs frequently during the transfusion.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Correct: Pre-medicating the client with antihistamines before the transfusion can help prevent or minimize allergic transfusion reactions in clients with a history of severe allergies. Antihistamines block histamine release, reducing the risk of allergic symptoms.

B) Incorrect: Administering the blood transfusion rapidly is not a preventive measure for allergic transfusion reactions. In fact, rapid administration may increase the risk of adverse reactions.

C) Incorrect: Warming the blood product before administration is important to prevent hypothermia but is not directly related to preventing allergic transfusion reactions.

D) Incorrect: Monitoring the client's vital signs during the transfusion is a standard practice, but it is not the primary intervention for preventing allergic transfusion reactions. Pre-medication with antihistamines is a more targeted approach.

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A client with a history of transfusion reactions requires a blood transfusion. Which blood component should the nurse ensure is transfused to minimize the risk of a future reaction?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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