A client on hemodialysis develops a sudden onset of chest pain and dyspnea. What is the nurse's priority action?

Administer a prescribed analgesic for pain relief.

Assess the client's blood pressure and heart rate.

Monitor the client's weight before and after dialysis.

Place the client in a semi-Fowler's position.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Incorrect. Administering a prescribed analgesic may be necessary, but it is not the priority when the client is experiencing sudden chest pain and dyspnea.

B. Correct. The sudden onset of chest pain and dyspnea can be indicative of potential complications, such as dialysis-related hypotension, cardiac issues, or fluid overload. Assessing the client's blood pressure and heart rate is the priority to identify any acute changes or abnormalities.

C. Incorrect. Monitoring the client's weight is important to assess fluid status, but it is not the immediate priority when the client presents with acute chest pain and dyspnea.

D. Incorrect. Placing the client in a semi-Fowler's position may be appropriate for respiratory distress, but the nurse should first assess the client's vital signs and overall condition before implementing positioning changes.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This statement is incorrect. Hypercalcemia (elevated calcium levels) can be a concern in ESRD, but it is not the primary indication for initiating dialysis in this scenario. Pruritus is more commonly associated with uremia and high levels of other waste products.

B) This statement is incorrect. Hypervolemia (fluid overload) can be a concern in ESRD, but it is not the primary indication described in the scenario. The persistent pruritus is more likely related to uremia and the accumulation of toxins.

C) This statement is incorrect. Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels) is not the primary indication described in the scenario. While hyperkalemia may occur in ESRD, the primary concern leading to the need for dialysis in this case is the uremia and its associated symptoms.

D) Uremia, which is the accumulation of urea and other waste products in the blood, can lead to various complications, including pruritus. Dialysis helps remove these waste products from the bloodstream and may alleviate the itching associated with uremia.

A. "Dialysis is used to restore normal kidney function." B. "Dialysis is a surgical procedure to transplant a healthy kidney." C. "Dialysis is performed to prevent the progression of CKD." D. "Dialysis helps remove waste products and excess fluids from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to do so."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This statement is incorrect. Dialysis does not restore normal kidney function. Instead, it serves as a substitute for impaired kidney function, helping to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance.

B) This statement is incorrect. Dialysis is not a surgical procedure to transplant a healthy kidney. Kidney transplantation is a separate procedure that involves replacing a damaged kidney with a healthy one from a living or deceased donor.

C) This statement is incorrect. Dialysis may help manage complications of CKD and prolong life, but it does not prevent the progression of the underlying kidney disease. CKD is a chronic and progressive condition that may eventually require dialysis or kidney transplantation.

D) This statement is accurate. Dialysis is the process of removing waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions adequately.

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A client on hemodialysis develops a sudden onset of chest pain and dyspnea. What is the nurse's priority action?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has been experiencing persistent pruritus (itching) that is not responding to conservative management. Which of the following is the primary indication for initiating dialysis in this client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The client asks about the purpose of dialysis. Which of the following responses by the nurse is accurate?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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