A 53 year-old client was recently diagnosed with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). He is fearful and states, "My good friend just died from prostate cancer and I am concerned this will happen to me." What would be the most appropriate response by the nurse?

"A diagnosis of BPH does not raise your risk of prostate cancer."

"You should perform a testicular self-exam once a month after your shower."

"It would be very unusual for a man your age to have cancer of the prostate."

"Prostate cancer is slow growing and can be treated if found early."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: BPH, a benign growth, doesn’t increase prostate cancer risk; they’re distinct conditions. This reassures the client factually, addressing his fear directly with evidence, making it the most appropriate and supportive response in this context accurately.
Choice B reason: Testicular self-exams check testes, not prostate. This misdirects from BPH and prostate cancer concerns, offering irrelevant advice that fails to address the client’s specific fear about his diagnosis and its implications entirely here fully.
Choice C reason: Prostate cancer isn’t rare at 53; incidence rises with age. This false reassurance dismisses real risk, undermining trust and education, making it less appropriate than clarifying BPH’s non-link to cancer in this scenario comprehensively here.
Choice D reason: While true, prostate cancer’s slow growth doesn’t address BPH’s relation to it. This generic statement misses the client’s core fear about BPH as a risk factor, rendering it less targeted than the direct clarification fully here.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Turbulence in large airways causes coarse sounds, not high-pitched wheezes. Wheezes stem from narrowed smaller passages, like bronchioles, not broad airway dynamics, making this less accurate for the specific sound’s pathophysiology fully here.
Choice B reason: Air leaking into the pleural space (pneumothorax) reduces breath sounds, not causing wheezes. Wheezes arise from airway narrowing, not alveolar rupture, excluding this as the source of the auscultated adventitious sound entirely here fully.
Choice C reason: Air diversion from trachea to bronchi is normal airflow, not producing wheezes. Wheezes require obstruction or constriction in smaller airways, not tracheal branching, rendering this unrelated to the sound’s pathological origin comprehensively here.
Choice D reason: Wheezes result from constricted respiratory passages, like in asthma, where narrowed bronchioles vibrate with airflow. This high-pitched sound matches the pathophysiology of airway narrowing, making it the correct explanation for this finding accurately here.

A. Prolonged tonsillar enlargement B. History of allergies C. Incomplete immunization record D. History of epistaxis nosebleeds

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Prolonged tonsillar enlargement may cause throat issues or obstruction, but rhinorrhea stems from nasal inflammation, not tonsils. This focuses on oropharyngeal anatomy, missing the direct nasal etiology tied to runny nose in upper airway complaints here entirely.

Choice B reason: Allergies trigger nasal inflammation via histamine, causing rhinorrhea as IgE-mediated mast cells release mediators. A history of this is key, directly linking environmental triggers to the client’s runny nose, making it the most relevant assessment area accurately.

Choice C reason: Incomplete immunizations increase infection risk, but rhinorrhea more commonly ties to allergies or viruses than vaccine-preventable diseases here. This is less specific to the symptom’s etiology without fever or systemic signs, reducing its pertinence significantly.

Choice D reason: Epistaxis (nosebleeds) relates to vascular fragility, not mucus production like rhinorrhea. Past bleeding doesn’t explain runny nose, focusing on a separate nasal issue, making it less relevant to the upper airway complaint’s root cause in this case fully.

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A 53 year-old client was recently diagnosed with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). He is fearful and states, "My good friend just died from prostate cancer and I am concerned this will happen to me." What would be the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse's auscultation of a client's lung fields reveals the presence of a wheeze. The nurse should recognize that this adventitious sound results from what pathophysiologic process in the lungs?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client presents with a cluster of upper airway complaints that include rhinorrhea. Which area of assessment would yield the most pertinent information to the etiology of rhinorrhea?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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